What is Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)?
Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) adds an extra layer of security by requiring two verification factors before granting access. It typically combines something the user knows (password) and something the user has (a smartphone app, SMS code, or hardware token).
How 2FA Works:
- User enters their username and password (first factor).
- User provides a second factor, such as a one-time code from an authenticator app or SMS.
- Access is granted only if both factors are correct.
Benefits of 2FA:
- Reduces the risk of unauthorized account access even if passwords are stolen.
- Protects sensitive data in emails, cloud storage, and financial accounts.
- Supports compliance with security standards and regulations.
Common 2FA methods include TOTP apps (Google Authenticator, Authy), SMS codes, push notifications, and hardware keys (e.g., YubiKey).